Hot-water-heating installation



M. J. G. A. LEMAISTRE HOT lWATER HEATING INSTALLATION Filed Sept. 13, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 atented Nov. 29, i927..

Manin Josnrrr saone-ns Anonrnn nniirarsrnn, or Panis, runnen.

HGT-WATER-HETING .lNSTALLATION.

Application led September 13, 1922,' Serial No. 587,873, and in France September 26,. 1921.

This invention relates to a hot water heatingv installation and has for its object to provide an active and regular circulation of the water, whatever the position ot the radiators with regard to that of the boiler may be, andeven in the case said radiators are placed on a level below the boiler.

@ne characteristic of the invention resides `in that it comprises a pulso-aspirator (designated later on as a pulsator) comprising an upper chamber which is in communication with the hot water pipe and is provided with a depending annular partition, an intermediate chamber having ya cross section smaller than that of the upper chamber, and a lower chamber yot a still smaller cross-section, the return water pipe extending to the bottom of the lower chamber and beingprovided with side openings in both upper and intermediate chambers.

rllhe bottom part of the upper chamber is put in communication with the top part oit the boiler through adequate piping, andthe intermediate chamber is put in communication with the bottom part oft the boiler through adequate piping.

Other characteristics ot the invention will result from the following description.

In the appended drawings, given by way of example: p

Fig'. 1 shows diagrammatically a main view of a hot water heating1 installation, according tothe invention.

Fig. 2 shows a detail view ot' the pulsat'or.y Fig. 3 illustratesv another embodiment of the invention, wherein the pipes connecting the chambers of the pulsator with the boiler are located within thelatter.

Fig. 4 shows another en'ibodimei1tI'otthev invention, wherein thepulsator isdisposed outside ot the boiler and on the side thereof.

rlfhe invention applies to a hot water heatinaa installation ot a knowntype, an embodiment of which is .illustrated in" Figui, said' installation being more rfully describediin` the followings As shown in prises a generator Fig. l, the installation com- A above which the pulsator l) is placed rlhe latter communicates at its upper end with vertical tubes b contained in a heat eXchangerC, by means oli a pipingd and a valve chamber s. `The hot water coming outy from the pulsator after having passed through thetubes ,cn-` ters .the expansion tank B, `through the tube l watercaulow outint'o "saidy expansion tank through a bell-shaped tubing m1, the bottom thereotI being perforated in order to secure better distribution ot the water and to damp the noise. This tanlrB bev provided with an overflow. When the apparatus begins to function, the water rises normally therein, tor instance up to thelevel KMK. `The hot water is drawn out at the bottom of the tank B, through a pipe e which carries said water to the radiators such as l, lll. Alter being cooled-down the water comes bach through the pipe g1 to the heat exchanger C in which it surrounds the hot water carrying tubes l). At the `upper end ot the' heat excl'ianger C, said cool water goes ingr an' upper annularcontainer nl which is intended to condense the steam contained in the upper part ot' the tanlr B and which communicates through vertical tubes with a lowcr annular container u2. The cool`water, having been then heated up in the ycontainers al and n2, returns to the pulsator through the pipe g, and a check valve c1 which prevents any backward flowing oit the water into the pipe g.

The devices according to the invention which more particularly concern the construction of the pulsator D', togetherwith the means connecting saidpulsator with the boiler, arc more Jfullyy described 'in `the tollowing: l i

In the embodiment asvsliown inFigf 2, the pulsator D` comprises an upper chamber 2 containing one or more vertical partitions m whichv are preferably annular and concentric, said partitions'extending -from the top wall ot the chamber down' to thewlevel Z-Z- In' addition to this, said pulsator comprises an intermediate chamber 2ai located below the chamber 2 andhaving a smallerv cross section than thelatter. his contraction results in magnifying the vfluctuations ofthe wat-er level below the level Z-Z- The pulsator comprises also a lower chamber 2b, oft reduced cross section, saidchamber being made as loup; as possible in order to give to the pulsatorthe height necessary toasatisfactory working of same. I i

. The water return pipe goes through the three pulsator chambers; it is provided with holes 01, 02 in the upper chamber and with a vhole o? in theA intermediate chamber, the lower end ot `said pipe opening into the lower chamber 2b at bottoni thereof as indicated at 04. Holes 01, 02, 03 may obviously vary in number.

The uppei' chamber :2 communicates at its lower end with the upper part of the boiler A through the pipes 3 and the intermediate chamber 2 conununicates with the lower end of said boiler through the pipes 3b.

The apparatus works in the following manner:

The boiler beiner suitably heated up. steam accumulates mainly in the exterior chamber g which encircles the partition m of the cliambei' 2 and forces the hot water back into the expansion tank B through the pipe (I. the pipes Z) and the tube (Z1. said water .being at a temperature close to the boiling point. As the steam reaches the lower edge of the partition m it'. suddenly rises to the upper part of the inside chamber p, thereby causing condensation of said steam and therefore a resulting drop of pressure. Said drop of pressure creates in the whole. water mass of the pulsator, a supervapoi-ization which causes some water and steam to be driven into the tank B. whereby the upper chamber of the pulsator is entirely emptied. On account of this sudden ejection, the pressure in the pulsator is momentarily reduced, whereby the cool water brought in by the pipe g is caused to enter said pulsator. This relatively cold water creates condensation effects which accelerate the pressure drop. In that way, the cool water returns to the pulsator with force. first. through the lower aperture 04. then through the holes 03, o2, 01, while the hot water passes from the tank B into the radiators through the pipe e. Thus, the pulsator is filled up again with 'atei' and the Working cycle of the apparatus starts over again.

Due to the particular construction ot the pulsator and of the connecting means ot saine with the boiler, as described above, the working of the apparatus is very regular and forcible pulsations ai'e obtained without producing any appreciable action upon the mass ot' water in the boiler l. so that the latter keeps working at a practically ,constant rate of y'aporizatioin n account of the very active circulation thus obtained. pipes and radiators of a very small cross-section can be used. Moreover. the pipes are subjected only to the pressure due to the water load: their walls can be made relatively thin and without mechanical strength. and the joints in proportion. It is obvious that the elimination of air is secured in a better way with the present system than with the thermo-Siphon system. The water can return to the boiler at a high temperature C.) without preventing a good working of the apparatus, and the temperature of the water at the beginning of its travel through the system may be very close to o C. The installation can work with a relatively reduced volume of water, theI starting of the system being theret'ore very rapid. Finally, the position ot the boiler independent of that of the radiators and the latter can be disposed either above or below the boiler.

The radiators can be placed above the e."- pansioii tank.

Fig. 3 shows that the tubes 3LL may be replaced by holes provided with .short flanges 3 and that the outer tubesI 3* may be replaced by tubes such as 3, inside of the boiler. An advantageous arrangeur-nt consists in utilizing the tubes 3 shown in Fig. simultaneously with the inner tubesy shown in Fig. 3.

As shown in Fig. 4, the pulsator is disposed outside of the boiler and on the side thereof. It may, in fact, be placed at any distance from the boiler. Its lower end is encircled by a easing E. An annular c.\- pansion chamber 4- which eneiicles the intermediate chamber 2, communicates with the lower part of the uppci' chamber 2 through the pipes 3 and with the upper part of the boiler through the pipe 9. Through the tubes 3", the intern'iediate chamber 2 communicatcs with the lower part of the chainber 5 of the casing E, which in tuin communicates with`the lower part ot the boiler through the pipe l0. The use of either a hot water or a steam generator is thus rendered possible. which results in increasing the output of the installation and permitting the use of existing apparatus, a single generator being capable of operating several pulsators. Small holes such as ll may be provided, so that the upper part of the chamber 5 may communicate with the chamber 2.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as nen7 and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. In a hot water heating installation, the combination with a boiler of a hot water pipe, a cold water pipe, a number of radiating elements, each of which is connected at one end with said hot Water pipe and at the. other end with said cold watei' pipe, a pulsating apparatus comprising an upper chamber, an inner depending partition forming in said-upper chamber an inner compartment and an outer compartment, connectingr means between the inner compartment and said hot water pipe, an intermediate chamber having ay smaller cross-section than the upper chamber and in communication with said upper chamber and a lower chamber having a smaller cross-section than the intermediate chamber and in communication with said intermediate chamber, said cold water pipe extending down through the said inner compartment of the upper chamber and through the intermediate and the lower chambers and being in communication tltl llo

through openings with the said inner oompartment, with said intermediate chamber and with said lower chamber, means for connecting the lower part of said upper chamber with the upper part of said boilerV pulsating apparatus Comprising` an upper chamber, an inner depending partition forming in said upper chamber an inner compartment and an outer Compartment, connecting` means between the inner oompartment Vand said hot water pipe, an intermediate Chamber having a smaller cross-section than the upper chamber and in oommunieation with said upper chamber and a. lower chamber having a smaller cross-seetion than the intermediate chamber and in communication with said intermediate chamber, said Cold water pipe extending down through the said inner Compartment of the upper chamber and through the intermediate and the lower Chambers and being` in communication through openings with the said inner compartment, with said intermediate chamber and with said `lower chamber, conduitsl connecting` the lower part of said upper chamber' with the upper part of said boiler and tubes connecting said intermediate chamber with the lower part of said boiler.

3. In a hot water heating installation, the combination with aboiler of a hot water pipe, a eold water pipe, a numberof radiating elements, each ofV which is connected at one end with said hot water pipe and at the other end with said cold water pipe, a pulsating apparatus Comprising an upper chamber, an inner depending partition forming in said upper chamber an inner compartment and an outer compartment, Connecting' means between the inner compartment and said hot water pipe, an intermediate Chamber having a. smaller cross-section than the upper chamber and in communication with said upper chamber and a lower chamber having a smaller cross-section than the intermediate chamber and in communication with said intermediate chamber, said cold water pipe extending down through the said inner compartment of the upper chamber and through the intermediate and the lower chambers and being in Communication through openings with the said inner oompartment, with said intermediate chamberV and with said lower chamber, an expansion chamber at the lower part of said upper chamber, connected therewith and surrounding said intermediate chamber, a casing enclosing the lower portion of said pulsator, pipes connected to said intermediate eham her and opening into said easing, means for Connecting said expansion chamber with the upper part of said boiler and means for connesting the said easing with the lower part of said boiler.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

MARIE JOSEPH GEORGES ADOLPHE LEMAISTRE. 

